Improvement in lamp-burners



0.0. RICHMOND. Lamp-Burners,

No. 198,683. Patented Dec. 25, I877".

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UNITED STATES P ENT OEEIoE.

CHARLES o. RICHMOND, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAM P-BU RNERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 198,683, datedDecember25, 1877; application filed July 19,1877.

To all 'z'chom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEARLEs O. RICHMOND, of Boston, in the county ofSufiolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inLamp-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makingpart of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of alamp-burner constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is avertical section on the line w m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective viewof the burnerwith the cone or deflector removed.

Lamp burners have been constructed in 'which a short tapering sleeve,open at the top and bottom, has been applied to the upper end of thewick-tube, to serve as a conductor for directing or conveying a supplyof air to the flame, to render the combustion more perfeet. This deviceis, however, objectionable, as the strong upward currents of air passingup through the sleeve, impinge directly upon the top of the wick-tube,and tend to cool it, and thus retard the upward flow of the oil throughthe wick.

My invention has for its object to overcome I this difficulty, andenable. me to supply the requisite amount of oxygen to produce perfectcombustion with light or heavy oils, without cooling the top of thewick-tube, as heretofore; and consists in the employment of anadjustable sleeve, made in the form of an inverted bell, in connectionwith the wick-tube and cone or deflector, an air-space being leftbetween the upper edge of the sleeve and the interior surface of thecone, by which construction the greater portion of the oxygen necessaryto support combustion is forced to pass up outside the sleeve, andthrough the space between its upper edge and the interior of thec0ne,only a smallportion of the air necessary to support combustionbeing conducted up inside the sleeve, whereby more perfect combustion iseffected and the cooling of the wicktube avoided, while by adjusting theposition of the sleeve the width of the space between its upper edge andthe interior of the cone can be increased or diminished, and its shapevaried, in order to regulate the supply of oxygen for oils of differentdegrees of density.

To enable others skilled in theart to understand and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

Inthe said drawings, A represents the outer casing of a lamp-burner,which is provided, as

usual, with perforations a for the admission of air. b is the wick-tube,and B is the detachable cone or deflector, all of the ordinaryconstruction.

Over the upper portion of the wick-tube b is placed a short sleeve, 0,provided at its.

than the wider sides, while the upper corners are slightly rounded, asseen in Fig. 3.

The upper edge of the sleeve extends up all around into close proximitywith the interior surface of the cone B, as seen in Fig. 2, thus leaving an air-space, d, between the two, and consequently the greater portionof the atmospheric air necessary to maintain combustion is compelled topass up outside of the sleeve 0, and through the space d, and over theupper edge of the sleeve to the flame, the peculiar construction of thesleeve allowing but a very small quantity of the air necessary tosupport combustion to pass up through the spaces i (i between it and theopposite sides of the wick-tube; and this air, which passes up throughthe spaces 1 i, owing to the outwardly-flaring sides of the sleeve, isnot directed so as to impinge upon the top of the wick-tube, which isnot, consequently, cooled thereby, as heretofore, while, by causing theair to pass through the space d, the force of the upward currents isdiminished, and the air passing up through the spaces d i is delivereduniformly, and in such quantities as to secure the most perfectcombustion with either light orheavy oils.

The shape of the upper edge of the sleeve G must be varied according tothe shape of the cone or deflector employed, so as to afi'ord anair-space, d, between the two of a size and shape best adapted to supplythe requisite quantity of air to the flame at the desired points, inorder to produce the best results, and by adjusting the sleeve 0 uponthe wicktube the width of the air space d can be increased ordiminished, and its shape varied; and by thislmeans the quantity ofoxygen supplied to the flame over the upper edge of the sleeve 0 can beregulated in accordance with the density of the oil employed.

Instead of attaching the sleeve to the wicktube, it may be secured, bylight wires or otherwise, to the interior of the top of the cone 3', insucha manner as to leave the airspace 01 but with this latterconstruction the sleeve would not be adjustable, and, consequently, Iprefer to attach the sleeve to the wick-tube, as first.described.-. i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The adjustable sleeve 0, of the form of an inverted bell, and having anouter passage or space, (1, between it and the cone B, and an innerpassage or space, 6, between it and the wick-tube b, on each sidethereof, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand this 14th day of July, A.

CHARLES C. RIOHMOND. In presence of- P. E. TEscHEM'AcHER, N. W. STEARNS.

